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Water Sensors

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Many people interested in measuring various water quality parameters that are relevant to environmental health in low-cost and accessible ways. Many have been working on low-cost, open-source sensors for water chemistry and physical properties, and there are also several commercially available water sensors and analog tools that can measure relevant water quality parameters.

Overview

Often, electronic environmental sensors are just one part of a system that includes:

And we also have to consider:

It's hard work writing good documentation. Let's team up and share as much of the above as possible -- many of these steps are either not device-specific, or are at least very helpful if written in a way that supports use across projects.


Questions

Title Author Updated Likes Comments
Any experience with knockoff temperature sensors? @wln215 about 5 years ago 1
DFRobot Turbidity Sensor Troubleshooting @mimiss about 5 years ago 5
Pros/cons to cheap handheld water meters for pH, TDS, conductivity? @warren about 5 years ago 3
Dissolved Oxygen Testing and Citizen Science @belkinsa almost 6 years ago 7
Are there any DIY equipment that measure dissolved oxygen levels in water? @belkinsa over 6 years ago 6
Substitution for conductivity meter @Ag8n almost 7 years ago 7
Have you encountered either success and/or problems utilizing water quality sensors? If so, can you share your specific experience? @gilbert about 7 years ago 0
Where are places (online) to look for off-the-shelf water sensors? @warren about 7 years ago 1
How do you account for signal drift with sensors in the field? @gretchengehrke over 7 years ago 1
Can commercially available water sensors work with DIY data loggers? @gretchengehrke over 7 years ago 2
What information do I need to assess if a data logger and sensor will be compatible? @gretchengehrke over 7 years ago 3
How accurate are KnowFlow probes? @rockets over 7 years ago 3
Sensor: ORP versus PH @MadTinker over 7 years ago 2


Choosing Sensors

Often the first step is to look for a sensor for what you're hoping to measure. Below we're collecting info on different kinds of water quality sensors, and their:

  • cost
  • sensitivity/accuracy
  • links and documentation

Can you afford a sensor? Can it detect what you're looking for? Where can you learn more about it?

See and edit the full spreadsheet here

To be added

Are there others you're interested in? Please add them to the list here and to the linked Google Doc! (below are some not listed above yet)

  • flow rate
  • temperature
  • transparency
  • chemical oxygen demand - COD
  • phosphate
  • total dissolved solids - TDS
  • Hardness
  • Lead
  • bacteria
  • fluoride

[prompt:text:ie temperature]

In-depth

Also see these pages for more resources on these topics:


Analog methods

Even though this wiki page is labeled "water sensors," the most accessible modes of measuring water quality parameters are often analog, non-digital methods where you directly observe water (e.g. using a secchi disk to assess turbidity) or collect a sample and test it with a visual method (e.g. color-change pH strips). Several analog tools are included in the spreadsheet, and please add more!

Hybrid approaches and enclosures

In some cases, it may be possible to couple a commercially available probe sensor with a DIY data logger (such as the Riffle, https://publiclab.org/riffle) and an water-tight enclosure to create a lower-cost deployable sensor. Deployable sensors can be extremely useful for long-term monitoring, monitoring in places that are difficult to access frequently, or to document fluctuations in water chemistry with greater temporal resolution.


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