sandbox-air-quality-data
This is a draft wiki page that will change frequently!
Understanding air quality data
Different kinds of air quality data
Becoming familiar with the kind of air quality data you have can help you on the way to figuring out what you eventually want to do with the data.
Image: A variety of different kinds and sources of air quality data, by @renee.
- Is the data from a sensor?
- Is the data from a stationary sensor 📍 or a portable one 🚶🏽🚴🏽 that was used at different locations?
- Is the data collected continuously over time ⏳ 🔁 or only at certain times and dates 🕑 📆 (intermittently)?
- Is the data for a general outdoor area 🏙️ (ambient air) or a specific emission source 🏭 (e.g., fenceline monitoring)?
- Is the data from a lab report ⚗️📄 for an air grab sample taken at a specific place and time?
- Did you collect the data yourself 🙋🏾♀️ or is it from an existing database with publicly accessible data 🔓 💻?
- If it’s from an existing database, is the data from regulatory monitors or another monitor network (e.g., community monitors, low-cost monitor networks)?
- Considering the equipment used to collect the data, what are its detection limits and data resolution? (This could look like minimum and maximum levels for measurements ⬇️⬆️, and how small a change ↔️ the equipment can measure)
- Is your data from indoor air 🏠 or outdoor air ☀️ (ambient)?
- Is the data mostly not numerical (qualitative)?
- An odor log or odor report? 👃🏽
- An oral history? 💬
- A visual observation? 👀 (e.g., soot, colored dust, smoke)
More about different kinds of environmental data (not specific to air quality data):
- “Kinds of environmental data you might have” on the Presenting Environmental Data wiki page
- “Types of samples” and “Interpreting the data” on the Start an Environmental Monitoring Study wiki page
What other questions can help with understanding air quality data? Please edit this page to add more!
Initial analysis & visualizations to understand data
Units of measurement
Looking closely at units in data can help you understand the scale of your measurements and start thinking about how to communicate that scale so it’s meaningful to other people.
Image: Illustrating the volume of carbon dioxide emitted from burning one gallon of gasoline. Carbon Visuals, CC BY
Resources on units of measurement:
- Common Units in Air, Soil, and Water Testing: a workshop guide from Statistics for Action that helps "participants discuss, read, and practice using one or more units of measurement found in environmental science."
Making tables of tidy data
Putting your air quality data into an organized table gets it ready for making charts, graphs, and other visualizations. Below are some resources on making tables of tidy data and on "cleaning data."
Images: Illustrations from the Openscapes blog “Tidy Data for reproducibility, efficiency, and collaboration” by Julia Lowndes and Allison Horst, CC BY
An example of “tidy data” from an air quality sensor might look like this:
Each variable forms a column: sensor ID number, date, time, and the air quality measurement of particulate matter are individual variables. Each variable gets its own column in the table. The column header at the top lists the variable name and its units of measurement.
Each observation forms a row: this sensor took an air quality measurement every minute. Each measurement gets its own row in the table.
Each cell is a single measurement: each block in the table shows one piece of data--one time, one PM measurement, etc.
More resources on organizing and cleaning data:
- Formatting Data Tables in Spreadsheets: guidance and exercises from a workshop session on “Data Organization in Spreadsheets,” from Data Carpentry.
Making visualizations to see trends and potential problems
more to come here
Communicating with air quality data
Designing a data story
more to come here
Ways to present air quality data
- Real-Time Online Charts and Maps: Great to visualize trends over time and compare air quality to other regions. This can also allow for more data aggregation and analysis.
- Data Download: Publicly accessible data available in easy-to-use formats, either as a direct download or via a request form. This is particularly helpful in addition to web-based charts.
- Notifications: Automated text, email, or phone call alerts when environmental conditions exceed a certain threshold. In locations with limited cell service or wifi, an Air Quality Flag program can be an option.
- Partnerships: Work with local schools, existing government sites, news stations, and other media outlets to reach a broader audience and inform the public about air quality issues.
more to come here
Tools for making visualizations and other media
editable table of tools coming soon
Communicating the data
more to come here
Questions about air quality data
Questions tagged with question:air-quality-data will appear here
Activities about air quality data data
Activity posts tagged with activity:air-quality-data will appear here
| Title | Author | Updated | Likes | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Visualize data from a Simple Air Sensor using onboard serial hardware | @bhamster | about 3 years ago | 1 | 2 |
| Data Cleaning with OpenRefine | @fongvania | about 3 years ago | 2 | 1 |
| How to visualize your location-based data in QGIS | @laurel_mire | about 3 years ago | 3 | 1 |
| Create a “data story” to communicate environmental data | @bhamster | about 3 years ago | 2 | 1 |
| Data Visualization with Sheet Mapper: How to connect a live spreadsheet to a web map | @laurel_mire | over 3 years ago | 3 | 2 |
Activities should include a materials list, costs and a step-by-step guide to construction with photos. Learn what makes a good activity here.
Further reading and resources
- Data Viz Project: a comprehensive online tool cataloging examples of data visualizations from the design firm Ferdio.
- Data Carpentry: “Data Carpentry develops and teaches workshops on the fundamental data skills needed to conduct research.”
- Guidebook for Developing a Community Air Monitoring Network: Steps, Lessons, and Recommendations from the Imperial County Community Air Monitoring Project
- Wilson G, Bryan J, Cranston K, Kitzes J, Nederbragt L, Teal TK. 2017. Good enough practices in scientific computing. PLoS Comput Biol, 13(6): e1005510. LINK to paper.