Depth/Flood sensing in New Orleans

###About the Flooding Issue
The issue of flooding goes beyond hurricanes for those who live in the greater New Orleans area. Many people are familiar with the term that “New Orleans is a bowl,” but in understanding how or why our geology and infrastructure is this way, what you really need to know is that every bit of water that falls on this city needs to be pumped out. Physically Pumped Out. New Orleans was built on a swamp and that swamp is sinking, so technically most parts of the city is below sea level. So rain falls, and an extensive infrastructure of storm drains, catchment basins and pumps go to work to get that water out of the city. When water falls faster than the infrastructure can handle, or the system breaks down in an area (or all over), we get flooding. 

This is an issue many stakeholders are tied to, on the grass roots level we have property owners, renters, businesses, commuters, and neighborhood groups. The issue affects the work of police and emergency medical services, it affects major local revenue sources (think tourism industry and how many times we’ve heard it’s flooding at Jazz Fest). Then in management side, it’s a city government issue, as well as New Orleans Sewer and Water Board, and New Orleans City Works Department.

###History of this project
This is an ongoing issue and ongoing discussion. In 2014, Water Works, Propeller and Public Lab hosted a [water hackathon](https://publiclab.org/notes/stevie/12-01-2014/the-water-hackathon-report) where we worked with the [Public Lab Coqui](https://publiclab.org/wiki/coqui) and discussed water monitoring in New Orleans. Naturally the flooding question came up and the idea of adding depth to one of the important water monitoring parameters was emphasized. 

While geographically, many places have worked on low cost water sensing for issues such as [detecting salt runoff from roadways in New England](https://publiclab.org/notes/vvincent/02-23-2015/reflection-salty-scandal), [turbidity in waterways in the midwest from Frac Sand Mining in Wisconsin](https://publiclab.org/notes/donblair/11-01-2015/turbidity-sensor-prototype), [mining pollution detection in Colombia](https://publiclab.org/notes/donblair/10-19-2015/surata-visible-part-i) 
(**see https://publiclab.org/wiki/open-water for more project info), the New Orleans area has continued it’s interest in depth sensing. 

In February, 2016, @mimibell sent out a new flood sensing device from http://flood.network/. It included schematics for building a [different type of flood sensor](https://www.google.com/url?hl=en&q=https://github.com/OxFloodNet/sensor-device&source=gmail&ust=1465055980986000&usg=AFQjCNGcuTku5N-NCDgesMZxMc7-Kve1Pw). This started a new string conversation and interest. 

In March, several stakeholders got together to discuss the issue, and what type of project or event could move the idea of low cost flood (or depth) sensing forward. Groups involved in this included Water Works, the City of New Orleans, the local maker space IDIYA, Propeller, Public Lab and the New Orleans maker group. While the idea and structure of how to move forward shifted over the course of several months, ultimately a 4 day event was hosted at IDIYA and Propeller with Water Works and Public Lab. Reflections on this event can be found (here)[____].

###What to explore before we think on tools
In thinking about the flooding/depth sensing issue, there are some major considerations that have come up. **While often times we think about a tool in terms of what we want it to do, we’re reframing our question to think about what the underlying issues of flooding are, what advocacy ideas we have in addressing this issue and what a tool would _need_ to be able to do to help us advocate around this issue.** Below are some of the questions can helped us prompt our tool exploration:

- What are our questions around flooding in New Orleans?
- What ways we could use data to advocate around our concern?
- What data is most achievable/basic?
- What data is most important?
- What other things would we like to know if we could?

Secondly: 

- What sensor could meet this most basic question?
- What data communications modality is needed in this situation?
- What power supply is needed to accomplish this?
- What type of Data Access do we need? 
   - Is there a specific format we will need the data in
   - Where will we need to put the sensors to answer this question?


###About the Depth Sensor Prototypes:

- Based off the [Coqui Device](https://publiclab.org/wiki/coqui), this sensor is the breadboard version.  _( @donblair @eustatic would be great to link a research note in here on yours!! )_
- This version of the Depth sensor comes from http://flood.network/. It is not a version we have attempted to build out yet, but the schematics can be [found here](https://www.google.com/url?hl=en&q=https://github.com/OxFloodNet/sensor-device&source=gmail&ust=1465055980986000&usg=AFQjCNGcuTku5N-NCDgesMZxMc7-Kve1Pw)
- One version of the depth sensor came from IDIYA. It uses an [adafruit ultrasonic rangefinder](https://www.adafruit.com/products/981?q=ultrasonic%20rangefinder&). 
- @danbeavers posted another version we have not yet built but uses an [aquarium pump](https://publiclab.org/notes/danbeavers/05-18-2016/depth-sensor-proposal)